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The ADAMTS13 activity test is used by doctors to check the activity of the ADAMTS13 enzyme in your blood. The ADAMTS13 enzyme is a crucial part of your body’s functioning that helps regulate the von Willebrand factor, which prevents blood clots from happening inside the body. On a diagnostic level, an ADAMTS13 test is used by doctors to diagnose certain medical conditions, such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs). These conditions can damage small blood vessels in the body and lead to serious medical complications like organ failure. TTPs and TMAs are generally rare, and the ADAMTS13 activity test is used to diagnose these conditions.
The ADAMTS13 test is prescribed by doctors when they suspect patients are suffering from TTPs or TMAs. These conditions do not have very clear symptoms, but the symptomatic response shown by patients is used by doctors to understand whether the mentioned conditions are at play or not. Some of the symptoms that warrant doctors to prescribe an ADAMTS13 test are mentioned below.
● Neurological symptoms like headaches and lightheadedness
● Seizures and focal deficits
● Intense abdominal pain
● Symptoms of nausea and vomiting
As this is an activity test, the ADAMTS13 test measures the activity level of the ADAMTS13 enzyme in your body. The results are generally expressed in percentages to show activity levels of the enzyme in your body. The normal activity range can be anywhere between 50% to 160%. Very low activity levels such as less than 10%, can be indicative of TTPs. However, further testing beyond an ADAMTS13 activity test is required to confirm the diagnosis.
The ADAMTS13 test is performed as a general blood test with a blood sample being drawn from the veins in the arms of the patient. The sample is then sent to the laboratory for testing. There are no special prerequisites patients need to follow before undergoing an ADAMTS13 test.