Fecal Immunochemical Test Screening Overview

Cancer signs can be hidden at the early stage, and there are many tests conducted to detect the same, and one such test is Fecal Immunochemical Test. The result of this test helps the doctor to check if there is any hidden blood in the stool. In other words, it is done to screen for the signs of Colorectal Cancer. However, many people face blood in the stool due to gastrointestinal bleeding caused due to heartburn or any other condition. The FIT test targets the human haemoglobin protein in the blood, thus making it easier to test. The FIT test is largely recommended for people over 45.

One of the reasons doctors suggest FIT screening is because undergoing a guaiac-based Fecal occult blood test (gFOBT) can be risky and is highly sensitive. FIT screening is also a part of the regular healthcare screening done to identify any signs of cancer at an early stage.

Why is Fecal Immunochemical Test Prescribed?

In the human body, the growth of colorectal cancer can happen at any age, and it starts with a benign growth in the rectum. Once grown, the benign polyps can later lead to bleeding. These bleeds aren't visible to the human eye. However, a small amount of blood in the stool could be the first sign of the cancer. 

This is where the doctor suggests undergoing the FIT test, as it can detect the reason behind the same. The test further helps the doctor to determine whether any further test is required and what medication will be needed. According to doctors, every person aged over 45 should undergo the FIT test to check for any signs of colorectal cancer.

Components of Fecal Immunochemical Test

The FIT detects haemoglobin intact, but not the digested haemoglobin. In other words, the FIT helps in detecting blood in the lower intestine. If the result is normal, there is no blood in the stool. However, cancers in the colon don't always bleed, so you may be asked to test further.

However, you need to keep in mind that having blood in the stool doesn’t mean you have cancer. In this case, too, you will be asked to conduct further tests for confirmation.

Procedure and Perquisites of Fecal Immunochemical Test

The FIT stool collection is usually done at home. You will get different types of over-the-counter kits, which are easy to use. The process of collecting stool is quick and easy. You may feel a bit uneasy initially about collecting the stool, but using the kit may make it easy.

FAQs

1) Is there any specific preparation requirement for the FIT Test?

Ans: There is no need for any specific preparation for the FIT test. No dietary restriction.

2) What is the overall cost of the FIT Test?

Ans: The cost may differ as per the symptoms you carry and if there is any further tests are needed. It is best to check with the lab before you go ahead with the test.

3) What does the positive FIT test result mean?

Ans: If your test result shows positive, there is a chance of colorectal cancer. It is important to speak with your doctor about the test result.