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The glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 test is conducted to measure the overall level of GAD65 IgG antibodies in the blood. The immune system of people with certain autoimmune diseases, like stiff person syndrome (SPS) and type 1 diabetes, produces these autoantibodies. GAD 65 test is an important diagnostic tool for determining an individual's autoimmune state, and spotting possible illnesses linked to the generation of GAD65 antibodies is the GAD65-Ab test.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter that helps control communication between nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It is produced by the enzyme GAD-65 protein.
There are different reasons why a GAD65-AB test may be suggested by a physician. Some of these are:
Helps to diagnose type 1 diabetes and assess autoimmune involvement.
To differentiate between individuals with diabetes type 1 and type 2
To validate the diagnosis of autoimmune myelopathy, autoimmune epilepsy, brain stem encephalitis, autoimmune encephalitis, autoimmune ataxia, and stiff-man syndrome
In cases where symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss
The physician would check the Antibody levels against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), an enzyme involved in the manufacture of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are a sign of an autoimmune reaction. There are two important components checked in GAD65 Test result.
If the test result is negative, no detectable GAD65 antibodies are indicated or antibody levels that fall within the reference range. This generally implies that it is unlikely that pancreatic beta cells will be destroyed by an autoimmune reaction.
An autoimmune process may be indicated by elevated or positive GAD65 antibody levels. Elevated levels are frequently linked to LADA or Type 1 diabetes. In certain instances, CNS autoimmune diseases may also be associated with markedly increased levels.
There is no special preparation required to undergo the glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 test. You will need to visit the lab to get the test done. You can also provide the blood sample for home collection. If you have any medical history or are consuming any medication, do inform your doctor before the test.
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