Semen Analysis Test Procedure: What You Need to Know

Semen, a white discharge from penis in men says a lot about the reproductive capability. Sperm issues can raise the risk of infertility in males or anyone who produces sperm. Infertility refers to challenges that couples face in conceiving or maintaining a pregnancy. Globally, the cases of infertility issues are on the rise, making the semen analysis test an important process.

A semen analysis involves a set of tests designed to assess both the semen and the sperm it contains. Doctors often recommend this test to evaluate a person's fertility or to confirm whether a vasectomy was successful.

What is Semen Analysis?

A semen analysis is a lab-based test used to assess both the quantity and quality of sperm. It plays a vital role in diagnosing male infertility. The procedure typically involves collecting a semen sample, usually through masturbation, which is then examined under a microscope and subjected to various chemical tests.

The primary goal of a semen analysis is to measure several key factors, including sperm count, motility (how well the sperm moves), morphology (shape), semen volume, pH levels, and the presence of white blood cells or other types of cells in the sample.

What is the Purpose of Conducting a Semen Analysis Test?

There are two major reasons to undergo a sperm analysis test-

1.Male Infertility Testing

Semen analysis is commonly recommended when a couple is facing difficulties conceiving. The test result helps doctors to evaluate whether a male partner may be infertile. It can also identify if issues such as a low sperm count or poor sperm function are contributing to the infertility.

2.Testing Vasectomy Effectiveness

Men who have undergone a vasectomy are advised to have a semen analysis to confirm the absence of sperm in their semen. A vasectomy is a permanent form of birth control that involves cutting and sealing the tubes responsible for carrying sperm. To ensure the procedure was successful, doctors typically recommend monthly semen analyses for about three months after the surgery to verify that the semen is sperm-free.

Understanding the Overall Process of Semen Analysis Test

A semen analysis test helps in identifying potential fertility issues in males. The process begins with the collection of a semen sample, typically obtained through masturbation following a period of 2 to 7 days of sexual abstinence. To get the best result, ensure the sample is delivered to the lab within an hour.

Once the sample is received in the lab, it is liquified at the room temperature for 30 minutes. It is then examined under a microscope to evaluate critical factors such as sperm count, motility, and morphology. Additional tests assess semen volume, pH levels, and the presence of white blood cells or other substances.

How is Sperm Analysis Test Interpreted?

There is a process of analyzing the sperm test. The doctor after receiving the reports, starts analysing for interpretation purpose. Here are a few things the test results offer-

Sperm Concentration:This helps in measuring the quantity of sperm in men. It is calculated in millimetres, and should be 15 million or more.

Sperm Motility:This refers to how effectively your sperm moves. The test helps to assess its movement and quality.According to medical experts, ideally 50% of sperm should be active to give a positive result.

Volume: Normally, the semen volume in a man should be around 2 millimeters. A lower volume may suggest a reduced number of sperm available to fertilize an egg, while a higher-than-normal volume could dilute the sperm concentration, potentially affecting fertility.

Sperm Count: In ideal space, the sperm count during the analysis should show a range of 20 million to over 200 million sperm per milliliter. A lower count can make it more challenging to achieve pregnancy. Your doctor would recommend certain treatment or change in the diet to increase the count.

Sperm Morphology: This evaluates the size and shape of the sperm, which can influence their ability to fertilize an egg. In a normal sample, at least 4% of the sperm should have a standard, healthy shape.

How to Prepare for the Sperm Analysis Test?

Before you undergo the sperm analysis test, there are a few things to consider

● Refrain from sexual activity or masturbation for 2 to 5 days before the test avoiding ejaculation for longer than two weeks may lead to reduced sperm activity.

● Avoid alcohol consumption before semen analysis test.

Conclusion

While dealing with the fertility issue, it becomes quite complex to understand the overall semen analysis test. However, arming yourself with the right information and having an experienced doctor in sight will help you get things done.

With the right sperm analysis test result, your doctor would be able to recommend the right treatment and diet to ensure the fertility issues get settled.